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一、放生能得到大富貴

因為放生中含有財布施，在您用錢買下物命將其放生的過程，就已完成財布施的因果程序；當您用歡喜心做這些時，一顆布施的心已為您種下了大富大貴的因，所以放生得富貴是理所當然的。

《金光明經(jīng)》當中有這樣一則公案：在寶積如來出世的時候，當時釋迦牟尼佛是流水長者，他用大象往一個快要干涸的水池當中運水，救活了水池當中的一萬條魚，而且念佛號，加持回向給魚群；以這個因緣，一萬條魚死后轉生為天子，為了報答恩德，在流水長者的家里，撒下了四萬顆寶珠，而且降下天花為長者祝福。

二、放生能得到南寧

生命被宰殺時，其苦無量，其悲無涯，苦苦掙扎，恐怖萬分，其痛苦不可言說；您把它從生死線上解救出來，是何等慈悲的精神，使其遠離生死的恐怖，使其從無助無奈的苦痛哀鳴中解脫，獲得安樂幸福，給那些可憐眾生消除生死恐懼的最大災難，實是最大的善舉，這就是無畏施。行無畏施者，消災免難獲得南寧，自然得南寧健康的大福報。

三、放生能得到智慧

在放生時，虔誠的誦念放生儀規(guī)，將佛號經(jīng)文的金剛種子，堅固的種在所放物命的八識田中，永不破滅，這就等于給所放眾生種下了成佛之因，脫離六道輪回的殊勝因緣。所放眾生聞法終會得度，只是時間早晚的問題，這就是法布施，法布施者自然得大智慧聰明之果報。

四、放生能得到美麗的容顏

因為您放生時發(fā)的是善良的愛心，面色和悅，慈眼視眾生，人見歡喜，相由心轉，境由心造，發(fā)嗔心者感應相貌丑陋報，放生時發(fā)的是清凈慈悲善良之心，久而久之自然感應舉止高雅的威儀，美麗清秀的容顏。

五、放生能得到有為善法

現(xiàn)在是五濁惡世，一般人福報淺薄、業(yè)障深重，例如身體多病、壽命短促、災難很多，修持佛法有相當?shù)睦щy，有沒有一種方法擺脫這種困境？有，那就是放生。在一切有為善法當中，功德最大的就是放生，龍樹菩薩在《大智度論》中說：“諸余罪中，殺業(yè)最重；諸功德中，放生第一?！眱敉磷诰抛媾阂娲髱熣f：“欲即人心證佛心，轉濁劫成凈土，術莫過于放生?！彼砸岩环N惡劣的凡夫心轉成大慈大悲的佛心，要把一個五濁熾盛的穢土轉變成清凈莊嚴的凈土，最好的辦法莫過于放生。

華嚴論壇：佛教對環(huán)境問題的解決之道——李重碩

BuddhistSolutionforEnvironmentalIssues

佛教對環(huán)境問題的解決之道

李重碩教授/Prof.HwaryeongLee(韓國/Korea)

Director,CentralEducationCenterofBuddhistChongjiOrder/

韓國佛教摠持宗中央教育院長

Today,thenaturaldisasterscausedbyenvironmentalpollutionarethreateningthesurvivalofhumanbeings.Theslogansbysocialorganizationsorgovernmentsarenotpowerlessinpreventingofsuchdisasters.Humanbeingsmustgropefortheultimatesolutionforenvironmentpollution.Otherwise,humanbeingswillsoonreceivetheentirekarmaeffectsfromwhattheyhavedone.Suchkarmaeffectswillbringlossoflivesandfortune,shortageoffoodandwater,andvariousdiseases.

WeshouldfindoutthesolutionfromBuddhisminordertopreventsuchdisasters.Buddhistphilosophy,whichemphasizescoexistence,willprovidephilosophicalfoundationaswellasconcretemethodtopreventenvironmentalpollutionandsavetheearth.

TheBuddhadidnotmentionaboutenvironmentalpollutionorsolutionforit,fortherewasnodestructionofnatureorenvironmentalproblemcausedbysuchdestruction.However,ifwelookforconcretemethodbasedonthespiritofcompassion,toprotectnaturalenvironment,wecanrecognizethatfollowingtheBuddha’steachingisnootherthanprotectingofnatureandlivingtogetherwithit,andthatthewayoflifeassuchisalsothewaytoprotectenvironment.

TheBuddhaalreadytaughtusthroughthedoctrineofco-existencehowwecancoexisttogetherwithnature.Thereupon,Buddhistsbelievethattheyhavetoloveallsentientbeingsandletthemnottohaveanyfears,thattheyhavetokeeptheirlivesinfrugalityforthebenefitofallsentientbeings,andthattheyarecautiousnottospendwastefully.Weshouldknowthroughthedoctrineofdependentoriginationthatnatureisnotwhatexistforourexploitation,butwhatsupportsourlivesandthusshouldcoexistwithus.

Itistruethatman’sdesireisthedrivingforceofhumancivilizationintoday.Menhavepursuedmaterialsatisfactionratherthaninternalhappiness.Theytriedtoproducewealthasmuchastheycaninordertosatisfytheirdesire.Thefundamentalcauseofenvironmentalpollutionalsocomesfromhere.Ifentirehumanbeingsabandontheirdesireandpursefrugallife,theirwastesareminimizedandarealsodestructionofenvironment.

IfweBuddhistsunderstand,throughthetruthofdependentorigination,thenecessityofcoexistence,practiceitinoureverydaylife,moderateourdesire,havecompassion,andsavealllivesandresources,environmentwillbeprotectedandthepeaceoftheworldwillberealized.

Therefore,environmentissueswillbegintoberesolved,whenweunderstandtheBuddha’steachingandpracticemoderateandfrugallife.

ImplementingBuddhismInaWorld’sProgressive,Just,SustainableandLowCarbonDevelopmentModel

國際環(huán)保經(jīng)驗與佛教徒的責任

MyThiNguyen

(Vietnam/越南；Australia/澳洲)

ChiefAdvisorofSMEC/EnvironmentalProtectionSpecialist/

SMEC的首席環(huán)保顧問/環(huán)保專家

ABSTRACT:

ThepresentationanalysesthefundamentalteachingsandprinciplesofBuddhismandthepracticesofBhikkhusBhikkhunisSanghasandBuddhistlaypeople.Thisiscomparedtothefundamental4R’s(Reduce,Re-use,RecycleandRenewableenergy)principlestheClean/AlternativeLowCarbonrequirementsforaprogressive,justandsustainabledevelopmentworld-wide.

ThefocusisthendirectedattheopportunitiespresentlyavailablethatBuddhistmenwomentheBuddhistSanghasindevelopedanddevelopingcountriescanactivelyparticipateindevelopingandimplementingenergyefficientandprogressive,justandsustainableprojects.Theobviousadvantagesoftheparticipationandexpectedoutcomesarethecarryon-wardinthedailycontinuationoftherighteouspracticesofsustainabilityandlonglastingchangesinthementality,themoralandintellectualattitudesofsocietyandinpiduals.

INTRODUCTION

For2600yearstherehasbeenawide-spread,sustainableandculturedBuddhistcivilizationacrossmanycountriesandworldterritories.Theteachinghadbeenpracticedbythewholespectrumofsociety,fromthehighest(kingsandeducated,upperclass)tolowestclassesoflaymenwomenasthecitizenmassesofsocieties.Buddhistfundamentalteachingprinciplesandthepracticingof6harmonicalprinciplesforlivinginharmonyatBuddhisttemplesillustratetheexamplesoflivinginsharingcaring.Thetemplesandgardensarchitecturaldesignconstruction(withtallboddhitrees)providesthephysical,mentalandspiritualsheltersformillionsinhabitantalloverplacesonearth.

Overtherecentdecadesashumankindarethreatenedwiththeenvironmentalcrisistosavetheearthplanetwithallitslivingspeciesfromchaineddestructions,consequentlytherearemanyprominentBuddhistteachingmasters,distinguishedscholarsandrenownedresearchinstitutionsworld-widehavepublishedandvoicedtheurgentneedstobringBuddhismintomeetingtheflighthead-on.

TheauthorattemptstolookintotheWHAT,WHYANDHOWBUDDHISMANDBUDDHISTPEOPLEINCLUDINGTHESANGHASCANHELPSOLVETHECRISISfromtheperspectivesoftechnicalviewpoint.

CONCLUSION:

Buddhismhasapproachedinpiduals,communitiesandcountriesthroughvariousmeans,forms,causesandconcurs.Byactivelyparticipateinpracticalactivitiesinthejointeffortwithmanyinpiduals,organizationsorcorporationsforlocal,nationalandworld-widedevelopments,BuddhismwillitselfstepfurtherandgodeeperintothepracticinganddemonstratingtheBuddhistTeachings.ThefeedbacksresultedfromtheworkarethedemonstratedvaluesofBuddhismtothesociety.Throughthisalonglastingchangesinthementality,themoralandintellectualattitudesofsocietyandinpidualswillbeconvertedtothesameobjectives

氣候變遷的沖擊與調適

ClimateChange,ImpactandAdaptation

簡又新

臺灣永續(xù)能源基金會董事長

Abstract

半個世紀以來，氣候變遷及地球暖化，造成災害頻傳，包括熱浪、暴雨、干旱等各種極端氣候不斷上演，并環(huán)環(huán)相扣，而格陵蘭等冰川大面積融化使得海平面上升，迫使小島國家面臨生存危機。連臺灣也深受極端氣候所害，無情的八八風災是臺灣人一輩子的陰影。隨著影響范圍日漸擴大，整個世界在能源、水南寧、糧食都將產(chǎn)生嚴重失調。亞洲開發(fā)銀行(ADB:AsianDevelopmentBank)日前發(fā)表的一項研究結果就指出，如果繼續(xù)忽視氣候變遷問題，亞太國家將面臨糧食和能源短缺、貧窮問題惡化與作物不斷減收等后果。這些氣候衍生之問題不僅只會在電視新聞上被報導，它會真實的在每個人生活周遭發(fā)生。

Duringthepasthalfcentury,climatechangeandglobalwarminghavecausedfrequentdisasterssuchasheatwaves,heavyrains,anddroughts;allthesedisastersarecloselyconnected.ThemeltingofglaciersinGreenlandiscausingsealeveltoriseandthreateningthesurvivalofislandnations.Taiwanisalsoseverelyinfluencedbyextremeclimates,the88FloodwillhauntTaiwanesepeoplelifelong.Withtheincreaseoftheaffectedarea,therewillbeworldwideimbalanceinenergyresources,waterresources,andfoodsupplies.TheAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)recentlyreleasedaresearchthatindicates,ifclimatechangecontinuestobeignored,AsianPacificcountrieswillsufferconsequencessuchasshortageinfoodandenergy,worsenedpovertyproblems,andcontinualreductionofcropyield.Theseclimatechangerelatedissueswillnotjustbebroadcastingontelevisionnews;theywilltakeplacearoundeveryone.

根據(jù)?合國氣候變化綱要公約(UNFCCC:UnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange)所提出之應對氣候變遷的方式為：“減量”與“調適”。未來全世界將會限制化石燃料等的使用量，邁入低碳經(jīng)濟時代，此蘊含著南寧產(chǎn)業(yè)革命機遇與時代的到來，是項挑戰(zhàn)，更是個機會，我們應緊抓住這個劇變中之機遇，扭轉時勢。好比英國從18世紀中葉帶動全球第一波工業(yè)革命后，經(jīng)濟實力先繼被美、中、德、日所超越，不過，英國人仍不放棄再崛起之機會，當全世界把地球暖化視為世紀大威脅時，英國人卻把它視為新的機會，盼再創(chuàng)低碳新經(jīng)濟革命。

AccordingtotheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC),reductionandadaptationareconsideredassolutionforfightingagainstthethreatofclimatechange.Inthefuture,theworldwillrestrictpetroleumfuelconsumption,andenteranageoflowcarboneconomy.Thisimpliesthearrivalofanewindustrialrevolution.Itwillbeachallengeaswellasanopportunity.Wemustseizetheopportunityduringthisgreatchange.Duringthemid18thcentury,GreatBritaintooktheleadofthefirstwaveoftheIndustrialRevolution,butitseconomicstrengthwassubsequentlysurpassedbytheUnitedStates,China,Germany,andJapan.However,theBritishdidnotgiveuponregainingtheedge;astheworldlookuponglobalwarmingasagreatthreatofthecentury,theBritishconsidersitanewopportunityandaimstolaunchalowcarboneconomyrevolution.

除了產(chǎn)業(yè)上的改變外，個人習慣的“調適”也是至關重要的。臺灣的環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟未來面對氣候變遷災難之沖擊似乎是無可避免，而根本解決之道在于社會大眾意識的覺醒，我們必須改變過去的生活習慣，選擇簡樸永續(xù)之生活型態(tài)，齊心攜手解決這一世紀最大問題，努力將各種沖擊降到最低，為下一代的未來爭取最大生機。

Otherthanindustrialandeconomicchanges,personaladaptationisalsocrucial.DisasterscausedbyclimatechangewillhaveinevitableimpactontheenvironmentandeconomyofTaiwan;thesolutionrestsuponpublicawareness.Wemustchangeourhabitsandchooseasustainablewayofliving.Wemustsolvethegreatestproblemofthiscenturytogether,worktominimizeitsimpact,andhelpthenextgenerationsurvive.